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Dealing with Customers ǀ Front Office Services

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  Guest Cycle There are four stages of the guest cycle. The guest cycle refers to the flow of operations that occur in a hotel from when a guest chooses a hotel, to checking out. The four stages are: Pre-arrival Stage The pre-arrival stage is a crucial stage of the guest cycle for establishments since this is where the guest decides what hotel to choose. The factors that are commonly considered by guests when choosing a tourism establishment are: Previous experiences with the establishment The establishment’s advertisements Recommendations from travel agents, friends, or business associates The establishment’s location The establishment’s name or the name of the hotel chain operation Another consideration considered by a guest is the ease of making hotel reservations. Thus, if a FO staff or the hotel’s system is incompetent when receiving reservation requests, guests might be turned off to stay at your establishment. How a front office reservation agent also describes the hotel’s s...

Large Language Model (LLMs)

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What is LLM? A n LLM is a type of GenAI designed to produce human-like text . The LLM's primary function is to generate contextually appropriate continuations of a given input prompt by predicting the most probable sequence of words.  A simple way to understand this is through an example. Given the prompt: “The capital of the Philippines is ______” The LLM predicts and fills in the most probably next word. This predictive mechanism enables LLMs to perform a wide range of natural language processing tasks such as summarization, translation, question answering, content generation, and dialogue simulation with a high degree of fluency and relevance. Examples of LLMs include ChatGPT, Google Gemini, DeepSeek, Microsoft Copilot, and other advanced AI chatbots.  Common LLMs in the Market ChatGPT (https://chatgpt.com/) -  Launched in November 2022, ChatGPT is a conversational AI developed by OpenAI. It quickly became one of the most widely used LLMs globally, marking a major br...

Understanding AI

What is AI? AI stands for Artificial Intelligence.  This refers to the ability of machines to mimic human intelligence, enabling them to perform tasks such as learning, problem-solving, and decision-making. It is also the process of replicating human knowledge that involves: Building models (computer programs) trained on massive amounts of data; To perform tasks such as classification, prediction, and generation with outstanding accuracy. Simply put, it means getting computers and machines to do things that normally require human intelligence. How AI Shows Up in Daily Life? Have you ever: Used face recognition to unlock your phone? Seen spam emails automatically sorted into your spam folder? Asked Siri or Google a question? Gotten suggestions from Netflix or Spotify? That’s AI in action!   I’m not even referring to ChatGPT. Even before its rise, AI was already all around us—often operating behind the scenes , whether we noticed it or not. How Does AI Work? Take Inputs Lea...

Performing Clerical Procedures ǀ Front Office Services

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  In accordance with organizational procedures, front office personnel handle document processing as part of their regular responsibilities, such as: Guest records Incoming and outgoing correspondence Business accounting Memos Sources of Room Reservation Modes and types of reservations Telephone Walk-in Online Manual reservation Computer Reservation System A. Filing and Arranging Front Office Documents Filing - is the process of storing and arranging documents according to a particular classification. Categories of Filing Alphabetically Numerically Geographically By subject Chronologically B. Front Office Forms 1. Pre-arrival forms - must be prepared before the guest arrival. Guest reservation record -  Reservation file - a computer-based collection of reservation record Reservation rack slip - filed in a reservation rack 2. Arrival forms  - guest must accomplish upon the registration/ check-in process.  Registration card - printed form Guest Registration r...

History of Hospitality Industry

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   Ancient Period:   The Sumerians  – The recorded history of the hospitality industry began with the Sumerians who lived in  Mesopotamia  near the  Persian Gulf . Began the recorded history of the hospitality industry. They were the first to establish  taverns  that provided food, drinks, and shelter to  Sumerian traders and travellers . Early Traders  – In 2000 BC, Middle Eastern traders set up the  caravanserai  to provide food and shelter to traders and travellers. They were the forerunners of the inns. Caravanserai is an example of an early inn. The  Ancient Persians  – constructed  Khans , a combination of stables and sleeping accommodations that served  traveling caravans . Medieval Period Dark Ages   –  Fall of Roman Empire . In Europe,  Charlemagne  established  rest houses for pilgrims  to provide protection and hospitality. Renaissance : 1350 AD to 1600 AD  ...

Recognize Decision Fatigue ǀ Master Emotional Intelligence

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Like the fatigue you feel when you engage in hours of physical exertion, a stretch of intense mental effort exhausts your mental capacities. Yet, unlike physical fatigue, decision-fatigue victims tend not to notice. For instance, the snacks placed by the check-out counter in supermarkets are crafted to avail themselves of customers' decision fatigue. After spending an hour deciding what to purchase, customers struggle more to resist the sweet junk food, despite the fact that they know it is a bad idea.  Decision fatigue especially affects your capacity to comprehend and make trade-offs, and kicks in rapidly whenever you need to make a choice between many options or make successive choices. For instance, after spending a lot of time deciding which automobile to buy, buyers of cars are less capable of logically making the determination that a clear coat or high-end stereos are necessary. Rather, they rely on the salesperson's suggestion. There are options to avoid decision fatigu...

Self-Regulation ǀ Master Emotional Intelligence

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In order to enhance your self-regulation first and foremost, you must understand your values. This will inform your decision-making and enable you to differentiate between good and bad behaviours. You can make your own code of ethics by putting what you value most in your personality and what you want to be onto paper.  For instance, you might want to be honest, fair, and trustworthy more than anything else. Then take note of the situations in ways that you don't self-regulate well. For instance, you could shut down when you need to think about money or give in to the temptation of a cookie, each time you visit the kitchen. Once you become aware of the qualities you wish to have and the situations where you need to enhance your self-regulation, you can improve your reactions, by paying attention to holding on to your values in those circumstances.  Think about what you can do that will come closest to aligning with your values, and do it. Above all, remain calm. If you feel th...

Empathy ǀ Master Emotional Intelligence

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The more you comprehend the point of view from which the other individuals are approaching, the better you'll be able to make decisions that suit you and the other party. For instance, if you're giving a hard message such as terminating the employment of an employee, really knowing how the other party will feel in that position will direct your decision and how to present the message effectively. That is, being empathetic, treating others the way you would be treated. Of course, being empathetic as opposed to simply giving sympathy is hard to do. Begin with trying to actually listen to the individuals with whom you are speaking. Never think that you know what they will say and allow them to get out what they're thinking before you give advice. It is not all verbal. Tone and body language that individuals employ to communicate their message are as important as what they say. Be present when you are speaking with someone. Dedicate your full attention to them and do not even g...